The Locavore s Dilemma By Christophe Pelletire - 860 Words

How would you feel about only eating the food that is 100 miles within the distance that you live? Would you be able to do it every single day? Within 100 miles of where you currently living, do you have access to fresh meat products, seafood, dairy products, fresh fruit, and vegetables products? If you drink coffee, are coffee beans readily available within that area? What about chocolate or coco, are coco beans grown nearby? Are you in an area where corn and wheat are grown where you can produce all the carbohydrates like cereal, bread, and pastries that you consume regularly? What about sugar cane or sugar beats, the main sources of sugar used in soda, candy, and other sweet products? Locavores are people who only eat local food that is grown within a 100 miles from where they live. What effect does this have on people who come to visit and have to eat food that is only local food? In the article â€Å"The Locavore’s Dilemma,† author Christophe Pelletire’s ski llful presentation of his ethos overshadows his less successful portrayal of pathos for locavores and logos concerning the topic about locavores. Pelletire shows his pathos for the quality of food, shows ethos by giving the readers many examples of the types of resources people would lose, and shows his logos by providing his story with data he collected while physically living in Vancouver. In the article, the author is most successful in his presentation of the appeal of ethos, due to all the information he can give

The Rise of Essay Topics Health

The Rise of Essay Topics Health How to Choose Essay Topics Health Argument essay writing is a troublesome and overwhelming procedure that may take a couple days. When you are finished with your essay, you must not just check it for spelling and grammatical errors, but nevertheless, it also has to be checked for logical fallacies. Young writers may try simple on-line citation generators which are ordinarily at no charge. Argumentative writings is a particular kind of a paper. Though an essay could possibly be written for different purposes a writer should be creative, analytical and needs to be in a position to organize his thoughts in a very clear and crisp way. A writer should learn to compose an essay professionally. The first task that he should start with when writing an article is to collect the materials that are needed to support the subject of the essay. An essay writer should always bear in mind that the essay ought to be well structured, and it ought to be written in a manner that's well structured. The Argument About Essay Topics Health Click the read more to get There is a great deal of heated debate on a lot of health issues not just in United States of america, but also in different sections of the world. The dearth of very good support sources are going to result in a decrease grade. Therefore, students must work very difficult so as to produce a practical solution for virtually any problem. So, both students of medical care program s and students of any other specialty may have a task to compose an essay on health topic. If you get to select your own topic, that's good. You will obviously not have the capability to predict the precise topic that will come up. Therefore, the topic ought to be debatable! Quite frequently, the ideal topic is one which you truly care about, but you also will need to get ready to research it. Thus, you've got to be quite careful when recommending the ideas. If one comes across a problem they can't solve despite thinking hard about any of this, it has to be considered a chance to learn more regarding the topic. Then you must choose a topic and approach that you will use. You should be attentive when researching your topic, make certain that it goes together with what they expect out of your presentation. In our society today, there are numerous health difficulties. It is a very important aspect in the life of everyone. Some people believe that public health is a the duty of the government while some feel that individuals ought to be accountable for their own wellbeing. Psychological health is extremely necessary with the physical health of someone to be able to be healthy and fit. An argumentative essay is usually called a persuasive. It requires you to decide on a topic and take a position on it. Argumentative essay topics are so important since they are debat ableand it's critical to at all times be critically considering the world around us. Recent argumentative essay topics that are related to society is going to do. Instead of just immediately writing about your argumentative essay topic, you should first think about what it is you're likely to put back on your paper through a procedure of brainstorming and pre-writing. There are many steps which you should take to be able to compose a fantastic essay. The introduction ought to be convincing and bring out the thesis that you will present in the essay. Hence, you've been provided with the simplest topic for problem solution essays, you can decide on any on of the above mentioned and begin writing your essay right away. Healthcare is among the principal concerns that we live through every other moment. Travel health should be given more importance. A conventional medical insurance plan in which you pick the doctors is the very best. Doctors should be liable for educating their patients about how to enhance their wellness. Teen pregnancy prevention should be raised. Why you ought to take care of your teeth. Health is such a gigantic topi c, it can be difficult to determine what you would like to write about. Health and fitness is the combo of healthful living with healthy way of life. The Downside Risk of Essay Topics Health There's no need in making a determination, which health problem or phenomena is more urgent right now or what's left in the shadows and has to be enlightened at least in your essay. The topics mentioned previously are excellent starting points that may be used to make a great project on health troubles. To locate a good theme is a serious but important job. To begin with, going through the practice of deciding on an amazing topic could be a pleasant experience.

Social Class - Jane Eyre/Pride and Prejudice - 1761 Words

Examine the use of the theme of social class in ‘Jane Eyre’ and how this is illuminated by your reading of ‘Pride and Prejudice’ by Jane Austen. The novel ‘Jane Eyre’ highlights the idea of social class and the position of women in society. It tells the story of how protagonist Jane progresses through different social classes in life, beginning as the low position of an orphan and ending in the higher position of being both wealthy and married. Charlotte Bronte’s own social background was that of being relatively middle class as she was the daughter of a clergyman, which may have impacted on Jane’s attitude towards the ranks of society: it is shown at many points in the novel that social classes are unfair and prejudiced. Austen†¦show more content†¦She rebels against the opinions society has tried to enforce, desiring more, showing early feminist views. Becoming a governess in a stately manor home does little for Jane’s social standing. Though she now has a respectable job and behaves exactly as a lady should, for this was a key part of being a governess, she is treated appallingly by people who are in a ‘better’ class, such as Miss Ingram. Miss Ingram is continually rude to Jane, at one point calling her a ‘creeping creature’ which shows how she considers Jane to be a lesser-being due to her class. By using the word ‘creature’ it is implied that she is amongst the same class as animals: the word ‘creeping’ attaches connotations of Jane being sly and untrustworthy. When this is said, Jane does not say anything in return which implies that she, too, believes she is a lesser-being. This is also replicated by the use of Jane continually referring to Mr Rochester being at ‘Miss Ingram’s side’. Clearly, Jane believes that Miss Ingram has a better social standing and therefore she is more suited to Mr Rochester, another point that is repeated throughout the novel. Just like Miss Ingram, Austen wrote the character of Lady Catherine de Bourgh who possesses great wealth and social superiority. It i s said that Lady Catherine ‘likes to have the distinction of rank preserved’. Through this quote we can see howShow MoreRelatedPride And Prejudice And Jane Eyre1681 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Jane Austen and Charlotte Bronte explore social class in a number of different ways throughout their novels Pride and the Prejudice and Jane Eyre. They do this through the use of stylistic devices which in turn appeals to their different audiences. Both Jane and Charlotte are notable writers for their remarkable texts. Jane Austen is known for playing a revolutionary role in the generation of English female literature, which was counteracted by this piece- and Charlotte Bronte alsoRead MoreJane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte1124 Words   |  5 PagesJane Eyre and Pride and Prejudice were written in consecutive literary eras. Pride and Prejudice was written prior to Jane Eyre; Pride and Prejudice was written during the Regency Period and Jane Eyre was written in the Victorian Era (Kalikoff, Chin-Yi). Elizabeth, from Pride and Prejudice, marries a man named Mr. Darcy who was of a higher social class. Jane Eyre marries Rochester after she gains wealth from her uncle so their classes are equa l. Marriage was the survival tool for women; women wouldRead MoreJane Austen And Jane Eyre1967 Words   |  8 PagesPride and the Prejudice – Jane Austen Jane Eyre – Charlotte Bronte How is social class explored in both texts through the use of stylistic devices and how do the different perspectives help appeal to the audience? Introduction: Jane Austen and Charlotte Bronte explore social class in a number of different ways throughout their novels Pride and the Prejudice and Jane Eyre. They do this through the use of stylistic devices, which in turn appeals to their different audiences. Both Jane and CharlotteRead MoreSocial Classes In Pride And Prejudice And Jane Eyre1605 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: In both texts; Jane Austen and Charlotte Bronte explore social class in a number of ways. They do this through the use of their stylistic devices and this in turn appeals to their different audiences. Both Jane and Charlotte are notable writers for their remarkable texts. Jane Austen is known for playing a revolutionary role in the generation of English female literature, which was counteracted by this piece- and Charlotte Bronte further developed her feminist thoughts, which haveRead MoreJane Austen And Charlotte Bronte s Social Class1748 Words   |  7 PagesIn both texts, both authors; Jane Austen and Charlotte Bronte explore social class in a number of ways. They do this through the use of their stylistic devices and this in turn appeals to their different audiences. Both Jane and Charlotte are notable writers for their remarkable texts. Jane Austen is known for playing a revolutionary role in the generation of English female literature, which was counteracted by this piece- and Charlotte Bronte further developed her feminist thoughts, which have beenRead MoreMarxist Criticism In Jane Eyre And Mansfield Park By Jane Austen1088 Words   |  5 PagesJane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte and Mansfield Park by Jane Austen have many things in common but also contrast in many different ways. Marxist criticism shows how they relate and differ. Jane Eyre is about a young girl who lives with an abusive family and is sent away because she is unliked. Mansfield Park also similar to Jane Eyre, with Fanny Price living with an abusive family after her true family sends her away because they are so poor. When applying Marxist criticism how they are treated, whereRead MoreComparison Of Jane Eyre And Pride And Prejudice 2081 Words   |  9 Pages10/30/2017 Compare and Contrast the Social Caste System and Personal Ideations in the books â€Å"Jane Eyre† by Emily Bronte and â€Å"Pride and Prejudice† by Jane Austin Two names that ran the gauntlet of 19th century romance and changed the way on how it was written and depicted forever. These two history changing authors names were Jane Austen and Emily Bronte. Two well-known novels of the 19th century (â€Å"Jane Eyre† by Emily Bronte and â€Å"Pride and Prejudice† by Jane Austin) both have similarities, but alsoRead MoreFeminist Criticism Of Pride And Prejudice1220 Words   |  5 PagesA Truth Universally Acknowledged. A truth that should be universally acknowledged is that Pride and Prejudice is one of the best works of fiction in its category. Jane Austen’s nineteenth century novel has become one of the most popular works of English literature, with over twenty million copies sold and numerous film and television adaptations (Walsh). The novel falls under the category of nineteenth century English literature and proves successful in numerous criteria. The success of the novelRead MoreThe Importance Of Wealth And A Consumerist Nation1356 Words   |  6 Pages2015 Social Classholes: The Importance of Wealth Historically and in a Consumerist Nation One of the most important aspects of any novel is the theme. Furthermore, themes that express practicalities that people in the real world deal with regularly are that much more effecting. That’s why novels like Pride and Prejudice and Jane Eyre are timeless; their themes are extremely important and will forever ring true in society. Most prevalently of the themes in these novels is social classRead More Pride and Prejudice and Jane Eyre: Love and Characterization2663 Words   |  11 Pagesmean the people involved love each other any less. There are countless novels that focus on the love between characters, and each character loves differently. In Jane Eyre, Mr. Rochester and Jane have an impassioned affair, this affair is cut short by Jane’s realization that Mr.Rochester already has ties to another woman. In Pride and Prejudice, it is clear that Elizabeth Bennet and Fitzwilliam Darcy love each other very deeply, as Mr. Darcy is able to overcome his doubts about Elizabeth’s family, and

Accounting and Bookkeeping

Question: Discuss about the Accounting and Bookkeeping. Answer: Introduction: Book keeping make use of centralized book and it is a system, which encompasses the use of central book for maintaining records and data. The bookkeeping has been a very traditional technique. Accounting on other side makes use of a very comprehensive system, which is used to collect and analyze the financial information available. Now a day, the process of documentation is becoming very sophisticated in terms of various financial metrics (Accounting tools. 2016). Discussion: Similarities Between Book Keeping and Accounting Roles: Both the method uses make use of the financial data. The accountant can perform the function of the bookkeeper. Therefore, an accountant can be the bookkeeper at the same time. He can handle the task of bookkeeper while handling the financial transaction of the company. The use of bookkeeping or accounting system depends on the type and nature of the business. If the business operates on small scale, then the bookkeeping method would be sufficient which requires accounts based on spreadsheets and handwritten ledgers. If the business operates on large scale, then the use of accounting system which is computerized would have advantage over maintain the accounts manually. Differences Between Book Keeping and Accounting: Book keeping expedite the general process of record keeping and it involves the day-to-day technique. The sources of the revenue and expenses, which forms a part of ledger entry, are the input of this system. Accounting on the other hand is a broader concept and involves complex documentation procedures. Verification of income, processing of taxation and invoice forms the component of the accounting system. Job of a bookkeeper is to keep the track of the records of the expenditure of the company, monitoring the cash flow and facilitating the activities related to finance. On the other hand, al the financial functions are performed by the accountant. He is responsible for correcting, updating and reporting the various accounts of the organization. Accountants are qualified to handle all the accounting process but the bookkeeper can handle the recording of the financial transactions (Staff, 2012). Advantages of Bookkeeping: Bookkeeping is very cost effective and it is cheaper for the organization to hire the service of the bookkeeper. Bookkeeping is also time effective as the bookkeeper is flexible and it meets the schedule of the business and produce the report on time. If the activity of bookkeeping is outsourced, the business can gain the knowledge of the expertise (Li, 2013). Disadvantages of Bookkeeping: There is a chance of occurrence of fraud if the bookkeeper appointed has a criminal background or if he has not been appointed in good faith. The accuracy of the financial statements of the company may get affected if the bookkeeper commits mistake in typing. Sometimes it is viewed by the businesses that the money and time spent on hiring the bookkeeper is not advantageous, as he does not contribute directly to the income of the business (Hartley, 2014). Advantages of Accounting: The business is able to get important financial information with the help of accounting technique. The financial performance of the organization is evaluated using accounting process. In order to project the health of the organization, accounting makes use of financial documentation. The figures of the financials data are projected and it is informed to the shareholders of the company. Accounting enables the tracking of the financial statements and the balance sheets. It is easier than bookkeeping, which requires manually making records of the data. If the business makes use of the computerized system of accounting, then the chances of committing error would be less (Atrill et al., 2014). Disadvantages of Accounting: The costs of making the use of accounting system are comparatively higher than the bookkeeping system. The package of the accounting system needs to be changed with changing business needs. Recommendations: Here, Abby and Luci own a medium sized company, which is on the path of expansion. It would be better for them to appoint method of accounting to handle the financial workloads. Due to expansion, the business would have complex financial data, which needs to be monitored and provide accuracy in financial reporting to avoid any hassles and error in drawing the report. It, would be advisable to appoint accounting system rather than bookkeeping Conclusion: Depending upon the size of the business, it would be suitable for the sisters to appoint the accountants for handling the financial transactions of their business. Since the business is expanding and the day to day, the tasks of handling the accounts would get complex so it would be better for them hire the service of accountants instead of bookkeeper. The business is expanding and is faced with the increased accounting workload so regarding this situation; accountant would handle the increasing task of accounts. Introduction: Ethical dilemma is regarded as a situation involving mental conflict between two options and if the person selects one then it leads to transgressing another. In order to solve ethical dilemma, it is required to develop a systematic approach. In addition, this dilemma can be solved using Langenderfer and Rockness model (Billiot et al., 2012). Body: Lagenderfer and Rocknesss model make use of systematic approach to solve ethical dilemmas. In order to evaluate the ethical situations, this model makes use of model involving five-step decision and the steps are as follows: Determine the facts- In the first step of ethical decision-making model, the individual is required to contemplate what is to be known which helps in defining the problem. The what, when, how of the situation has to be determined. In addition, the difference of opinion and conflict of the facts are determined. Ethical issues and stakeholders are identified- The second step focuses on competing interest and different interest of stakeholders have to be considered. Diverse interest of the stakeholders is considered and for this, the user of the model has to stretch beyond accounting issues. Personal integrity, risks and harm that might be incurred, rights of different parties, justice, equality, responsibility, self-obligations and interest are included in the stakeholders interest. Internalization of the professional duties of the accountant is included in the step. Alternatives are specified- The third step of ethical decision-making model is to develop as list of alternative course of action. The range of action included in the alternative action is challenging the parameters of the scenario. The decision maker has to determine whether the alternative course of action for each alternative is beneficial, real, right, fair, and whether it is consistent with the mission of the organization. Moreover, the action is consistent with virtue of considerations. Alternatives are to be compared and consequences are assessed- In the fourth step, the alternative courses of action are assessed and whether there are any compelling alternatives is determined. The potential consequences, which might affect the interests of the shareholder, are assessed and form an essential component of the second step. The consequences include both the short and long focus and positive and negative outcomes as well. Making decision: The last step of the model involves selection of the best alternative that would balance the consequences of the actions against the rules or primary values of the decision maker. The objective is to eliminate unethical options so that the best ethical alternative is selected. The decision maker should be comfortable and confident when answering few questions before reaching the conclusion. The questions to be look for are the feeling when the decision would be printed on the newspaper and the feeling if the family would find about the decision (Saddiqui, 2016). Conclusion: The model discussed above helps the user in reaching to a conclusion, the user should be able to select alternative, the decision of the user must be definitive, and it should not be viewed in multiple ways and cannot straddle the fence. Introduction: Different types of business structure include sole traders, partnership, company and trust. One of the simplest forms of business structure is the sole trader and it is very easy and cheap to set. Moreover, all the decision about running the business is made by the trader itself. In a trust, the trustee, this can be company or individual caries, out the business for the benefit of the people. In a partnership business, all the partners are equally responsible for the managing the business and they bear an unlimited liability because of debt or any obligations. All the above comprises company which is a legal entity formed with the help of association of person. Discussion: For client A situation- the business structure suitable for this situation is partnership business. The various partners who would be running the business are Sonya, Alex and Ellise. They want to set up an advisory business and it would combine the skills of all three of them. The partners would be contributing the skills so that they are able to provide wide range of services to their client. Since the advisory business would be set up with the help of all three friends who have graduated in the same field. So here, all of them would be equally responsible for running the business. This is considered as the general partnership. For client B situation- the appropriate business structure for Roger would be sole trader. This is because Roger is the only person involved in setting up the business and he has used his own savings for buying the equipments required for running the business. The business is operated and owned by person. Roger is building his business solely after working in the factory, so it would be wise to start the business or engage in the sole trader business structure. Moreover, it is easy to set up. As the trader has the limited, resources available, so the initial capital is usually low. In setting up sole trader business, the requirement for capital at the initial level is low. Therefore, sole trader would be apt and suitable considering the situation of client B. For client C situation- since client, C includes three persons who are interested in investing in real estate property. The appropriate structure would be partnership business. Here, at least two persons are liable and responsible for carrying out the business. The partners would be working jointly and making investment together. This type of partnership is regarded as general partnership as all the partners Belle, Lance and Lon would be jointly contributing to the business. So the suitable business structure would be partnership business and all of them would be equally responsible for carrying out the business (Drury, 2013). Here the liability for all the partners are equal and is not limited to one or two persons. For client D situation- Darren James has been sole trader but he wants to include his wife in his business as it is expanding. So this situation is regarded as the partnership situation as the two partners are needed to carry out the business. Here, partnership business is appropriate for running the business because there are two persons needed and the basic criteria for this type of business structure are two persons. The appropriate business structure would be general partnership (Storey, 2016). For client E situation- here, Cecilia has a hobby of paintings, which she sells at various exhibitions along with having a full time. If Cecilia is intended to expand her business in a way so that her day job does not gets affected, so it would be appropriate for Cecilia to start her business as sole trader as she would be easily maintaining the business and it is inexpensive to set up. She would own all the business profit and there would not be any paper work. Therefore, it would be easy for her to handle sole trader business. Moreover, there would not be any tax related complications. The statutory provisions are minimal and it is regulated by government regulations. Conclusion: For each client, the business structure proposed has been justified. For the client A, partnership business would be appropriate, for client B, it would be wise for the client to engage in the sole trader business, for client C, and partnership business would be justified as per the situation. Partnership business would be appropriate for client D as he wants to include his wife in carrying out his business. Lastly, for client E, the suitable business structure would be sole trader, as she wants to carry out her business of painting along with her full time day job. Reference: Atrill, P., McLaney, E., Harvey, D. (2014).Accounting: An Introduction, 6/E(Vol. 6). Pearson Higher Education AU. Billiot, M. J., Daniel, D., Glandon, S., Glandon, T. (2012). Educational Context: Preparing Accounting Students To Identify Ethical Dilemmas.American Journal of Business Education (Online),5(3), 277. Bull, R. J. (2014).Accounting in business. Butterworth-Heinemann. Collis, J., Holt, A., Hussey, R. (2012).Business accounting: an introduction to financial and management accounting. Palgrave Macmillan. DRURY, C. M. (2013).Management and cost accounting. Springer. Fuschi, D. L., Tvaronaviciene, M. (2016). A NETWORK-BASED BUSINESS PARTNERSHIP MODEL FOR SMEs MANAGEMENT.ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES,3(3), 282-289. Hartley, W. C. (2014).An introduction to business accounting for managers. Elsevier. Holmes, K., Marriott, L., Randal, J. (2012). Ethics and experiments in accounting: A contribution to the debate on measuring ethical behaviour.Pacific Accounting Review,24(1), 80-100. Kaplan, R. S., Atkinson, A. A. (2015).Advanced management accounting. PHI Learning. Li, Q. (2013). Study of Bookkeeping in the Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise. InProceedings of The Eighth International Conference on Bio-Inspired Computing: Theories and Applications (BIC-TA), 2013(pp. 901-907). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Pillalamarri, S. K. (2014). The Role of Moral Reasoning and Order Effects in Ethical Decision Making Ability: The Case of Novice Vs Experienced Accounting Students. Saddiqui, S. (2016). Engaging Students and Faculty: Examining and Overcoming the Barriers.Handbook of Academic Integrity, 1009. Storey, J. (2016).A Better Way of Doing Business?: Lessons from the John Lewis Partnership. Oxford University Press. What is the difference between accounting andbookkeeping? - Questions Answers - AccountingTools. (2016).Accountingtools.com. Retrieved 9 August 2016, from https://www.accountingtools.com/questions-and-answers/what-is-the-difference-between-accounting-and-bookkeeping.html Whitehead, G. M. (2014).Book-keeping: Made Simple. Elsevier. Zimmerman, M. J. (2016). Exploring the Role of Bookkeeping in Business Success.

The Dangers Of Bombs Essays - Improvised Explosive Devices

The Dangers Of Bombs Today more and more kids believe that bombs are fun to experiment with, but do not realize the dangers associated with even the simplest bombs. Although curiosity can be a great characteristic to have, curiosity when it comes to bombs should simply not be tolerated because all bombs produce an uncontrolled reaction leading to destruction that could harm to, or even kill someone. Even bombs in a controlled experiment by experts can be quite dangerous. Take into account the fact that many died during experiments with the atom bomb. Although the ?experts? said it would be fine to watch and be in a close vicinity to the blast, they didn't know about the radiation caused by the reaction. This caused numerous deaths. Although most kids won't be experimenting with atom bombs, many dangers are associated with smaller types of bombs such as pipe bombs. Pipe bombs are especially lethal because they produce lots of shrapnel. Shrapnel is debris given off by the explosion (metal pieces of the pipe, or maybe even nails, glass, or bolts) that can cause lots of harm due to its velocity. Many kids believe that they are experts, and that nothing will ever happen to them, but it defiantly can. Many incidents have occured of kids being hurt or killed by their own bomb. One case is that of a kid building a pipe bomb in my area. He stuffed a lot of gunpowder into a pipe with nails and he started to screw the cap of the metal pipe on. The grinding of the metal caused sparks and ignited the bomb, and he lost his hand and will not ever be able to have children. All this happened because of a simple bad decision that he will have to remember for the rest of his life. Terroristic acts have plagued the entire world for centuries. These primitive acts of violence have an everlasting effect on communities thoughout the world. What may seem as icolated acts of hatred among cirtain groups can effect many generations down the line. To this day if one were to bring up Oklahoma City one of the first things that comes to mind is the horrifying terror felt by the people thoughout the Federal building on that mild April day in 1995; not to mention the family members greif and the shock that was felt througout the nation. This isn't the only major bombing in my lifetime. One remembered vividly by the nation is the bombing of the World Trade Center. The devestation in this incidident was caused by a simple fetilizer bomb. Taking this time to do this essay has helped me realize how dangerous bombs really can be. Meeting with the Delaware Fire Marshall changed the way I make my decisions. Looking back on my descision with the dry ice bomb, I found that I should have thought of the concequences before I acted. This whole experience has helped me realize that bombs are very destructive. All in all I hope that I dont have to go though this experience again in my life time.

Gender and ICT (Information and Communication Technology) Programs

Gender and ICT (Information and Communication Technology) Programs Introduction Information and communication technology continues to be adopted, developed, and integrated in everyday life all over the world by all generations. However, there has been continuous under-representation of women entering into Information and Communication Technology (ICT) programs. This under-representation is a long-standing problem that has been worsening over time, with the society, governments, and institutions coming up with a variety of possible causes and solutions.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Gender and ICT (Information and Communication Technology) Programs specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Under-representation has even become rampant in societies that have integrated information and communication technology in school curriculum from the lowest level of pre-school. The most visible indicator of under-representation of women in information and communication technology is the low percenta ge of enrolment in tertiary ICT programs by women. More so, women and men have a wide gap in technology education and exposure to technology (Anderson, 2007, pg 78). Information and communication technology variance between men and women is tied to segregation and status differences that result in reduction in women’s access to knowledge and income resources. The issue revolves around gender inequality in all aspects of social works where women are regarded and treated as less superior to men and even subjects in extreme cases. Women’s limited access to knowledge and income resources compared to men is a considerable factor that causes under-representation of women in adoption and advancement in information and communication technology. The gap between the status of women and that of men is referred to as gender spaces hindering women from knowledge used by men in reproducing income resource power and privileges of advancement knowledge (Buskens Webb, 2009, pg 77) Sum mary article 1 Universities seek to improve information and communication technology courses with respect to gender representation in the study programmes, given the fact that female students are adversely under-represented in male dominated areas such as information and communication technology and mathematics. Female students are proved to perform better than their male counterparts in information and communication technology courses, even though gender differences have a direct relation to different skills and the way people think and carry out their operations. Profession and education in information and communication technology is represented by a small percentage of women despite female predominance in general undergraduate courses. Gender inequality in information and communication technology can be broadly viewed to emanate from the processes of recruitment, retention and the advancement of women in the sector. Universities face many challenges in retaining female students i n information and communication technology courses, with first year students recording the highest rate of dropout.Advertising Looking for assessment on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is attributed to the fact that tertiary ICT enrolments depend on student’s strong foundation of mathematics in secondary and primary schools, which has been affected by the negative view of the subject by most female students. Gender difference in mathematical ability, interest, and perception has been the root cause of under-representation of women in male dominated fields. Gender imbalance in ICT can also be as a result of student motivation and background of pre-knowledge in a particular program, where individual’s internal conditions activates behavior and desire then direct him towards a goal. The motivation may be intrinsic or extrinsic academic orientation that arises from social influences suc h as those from parents, relatives, and friends. Academic extrinsic orientation directs students to successfully complete the educational system and test their own capacity while intrinsic orientation motivates students to study in their own way to improve themselves but with condition that the subject is interesting and attractive to them. However, student motivation can be directly linked to gender differences in that female students go for ICT because of employment needs while male students have extrinsic motivation. Research has based its assumption on the fact that men and women are different in the way they learn and there perception to information and learning materials. In cases where methods and materials of learning and assessment are not tailored to fit the evident differences between men and women in the learning environment, performances vary in broad way. This is due to the fact that men prefer multiple-choice questions while women prefer essays and coursework. Learnin g institutions have therefore introduced a variety of assessment methods that accommodate both men and women. However, learning materials could not be changed to accommodate both genders due to the need of content preservation. Introduction of e-learning has seen improved satisfaction and performance of both men and women although men proved to be more interested than women leading to gender inequality in the long run as students get enrolled into ICT tertiary education and profession. Female students are less satisfied with the introduction of computers in learning than their male counterparts are although they perform better in areas where presentation and verbal skills are applied. In general, women are under-represented in ICT professions and education due to the fact that women identify job security and flexibility of working hours as a motivator while men are attracted and motivated by technology and advancement in the ICT sector.Advertising We will write a custom asse ssment sample on Gender and ICT (Information and Communication Technology) Programs specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Summary: Article 2 ICT professions and programs have been lately under-represented by women due to women’s voluntary rejection of ICT despite its the continuous integration into everyday life situations. The industry is facing shortage of qualified ICT personnel with continued reduction of female students who choose ICT as a career choice because of sociocultural influences that shape perceptions about ICT between men and women. The sociocultural influences are linked to specific societies where women are under-represented in ICT due to gender stereotypes, unlike other countries where there is gender balance in the industry. Moreover, gender stereotypes learnt through media, home, and school environment influences perceptions and success expectations of female individuals who could possibly venture into ICT. However, st ereotypes can be modified over time as people grow up and belief that there are no roles linked particularly to masculinity or femininity. The perception that entry into the ICT industry is for economic power and high level of education with technical expertise where girls tend to generally dislike difficult problems and failures linked to ICT. However, the dislikes are as a result girls being imparted stereotypical attitudes by the society and media. Due to the stereotypes, women believe that their success in ICT is by chance and hard work, unlike men who attribute their success in ICT to natural ability. Moreover, women may believe that their failure in ICT is particularly due to their inability. Initiatives such as scholarships to women in ICT have led to further problems since they believe they are selected for the programs due to there gender and not ability. Perception of long working hours in isolation, technical skills, and mathematical abilities of ICT, jobs as fit for men have also contributed to under-representation of women in the industry. Media has also had significant impact on gender stereotypes through programs that depict men as computer programmers and developers, with women as mere users of computer who cannot match men’s technical ability due to genetic makeup. There have been significantly few programs that depict women as ICT professions, unlike the programs that depict women in powerful positions that were previously male dominated. Most ICT magazines show male workers and women being assisted by men in computer work thus negative perceptions to girls. Gender inequality in ICT can be linked to the fact that women and girls do not have female role models in the ICT field.Advertising Looking for assessment on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Evaluations of Article 1 and 2 Article one Article two Relevance The articles analysis of ICT programmes in universities is relevant to gender although mathematics has no relevance to gender inequality in ICT profession and education. Information on gender stereotypes imparted to girls by sociocultural influences is relevant and directly impacts on female under-representation in information and communication technology industry Reliability The analysis is less reliable in concluding that interests and concentration of the girl child on mathematics during lower level of education such as secondary schools has contributed to under-representation in ICT sector. Information is reliable due to the proof that there is gender balance in specific countries such as Portugal and Spain that have positive perception of equal ability between men and women in all fields. Women are equally represented in ICT. Accuracy The information is not accurate since there was no direct relation be tween performance of girls in ICT programmes and mathematics with tertiary enrolment and career choices in ICT The research is more accurate since there was direct proportionality between sociocultural influences and career choices made by women and girls. Lack of Bias The research is not biased to any specific findings. Gender inequality is attributed to varying reasons such as retention, recruitment, and advancement of women in ICT. The information and conclusion of the research is biased to one aspect of gender stereotype although there are a variety of factors contributing to under-representation of women in male dominated fields such as ICT. Completeness The information and research is not complete, as the conclusion does not pinpoint gender inequality to a specific cause. Research and information is complete since female under-representation in information and communication technology is attributed to negative perceptions on women’s ability in male dominated areas. Up-to-date The research is up-to-date as the estimates and women’s opinions represent data for 2006 and 2007. Research isn’t up-to-date since data used was from past researchers and evidence from sociocultural practices that have been there. Reference List Anderson, B., 2007. Information and communication technologies in societies: e-living in a digital. London: Taylor Francis. Buskens, I. Webb, A., 2009. African women and ICT: investigating technology, gender and empowerment, London: IDRC.

New SAT vs ACT Comparison Charts

New SAT vs ACT Comparison Charts SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The SAT and the ACT are both recentlyunderwentupdates: the ACT got a new writing test and some minor content tweaks,whilethe SAT was fully redesigned. With all this change, it can be difficult to keep track of everything. I've created some simple charts that outline the basic differences in structure and content forthe new SAT vs the ACT. This post isn't comprehensive, however, so for a more in depth discussion of the differences between the updatedversions of the two tests, you should take a look at our full breakdown here. Image: Zach Stern/Flickr General Test Structure As you'll see in the chart below, the redesigned SAT isradically streamlined- there are now only four sections and the scoring has returned to the original 400-1600 (instead of the 600-2400 scale used from 2005-2015). The wrong answer penalty has also beeneliminated. The ACT format, meanwhile, is essentiallythe same. The essay is slightly longer, however. New SAT ACT Total Time 3 hrs (plus 50 min for essay) 2 hrs 55 min (plus 40 min for essay) Number of sections 4 plus essay 4 plus essay Sections Reading: 65 min Writing and Language: 35 min Math (No calculator): 25 min Math (with calculator): 55 min Optional essay: 50 min English: 45 min Math: 60 min Reading: 35 min Science: 35 min Optional essay: 40 min Scoring Two section scores, Evidence-Based Reading and Writing (includes Reading and Writing and Language) and Math, on a 200-800 scale combined for a total score from 400-1600 Four section scores scaled from 1-36 averaged for a composite from 1-36 Wrong answer penalty? No No Reading Since the new SAT includes only long passages and the ACT recently added paired passages, the two tests' reading sections have become much more similar. Nonetheless, there are still some major differences in the types of questions they ask: the evidence questions on the redesigned SAT are especially different from ACT readingquestions. New SAT ACT Time 65 min 35 min Format 4 single passages and 1 pair, 10-11 questions each 4 passages, potentially including 1 paired passage, 10 questions each # of questions 5 passages, 52 questions 4 passages, 40 questions Time per passage/question 13 min/75 sec 8 min, 45 sec/53 sec Passage types 1 U.S. or World Literature, 2 History or Social Studies, 2 Science 1 Prose Fiction or Literary Narrative, 1 Social Sciences, 1 Humanities, 1 Natural Sciences Question types Main Idea, Vocab-in-Context, Inference, Evidence Support, Data Reasoning, Technique, Detail-Oriented Main Idea, Vocab-in-Context, Inference, Detail-Oriented Key skills Reading comprehension, inferring ideas, identifying evidence Reading comprehension, inferring ideas, locating details SAT Writing and Language/ACT English SAT Writing and Language (formerly SAT writing) is the other SAT section that the redesign made markedly more similar to itsACT equivalent. The College Board ditched Identifying Sentence Errors and the rest of its unique question styles for an ACT-style passage structure. However, the new SAT writing section still doesn't include the big-picture organization and main idea questionsthat the ACT English section does. New SAT ACT Time 35 min 45 min Format 4 passages, 11 questions each 5 passages, 15 questions each Total # of questions 44 questions 75 questions Time per passage/question 8 min, 45 sec/48 sec 9 min/36 sec Content Standard English Conventions: 20 questions (45%), covering sentence structure, conventions of usage, and conventions of punctuation Expression of Ideas: 24 questions (55%), covering development, organization and effective language use Usage and Mechanics: sentence structure (20-25%), grammar and usage (15-20%), and punctuation (10-15%) Rhetorical Skills: style (15-20%), strategy (15-20%), and organization (10-15%) Key Skills Understanding grammar rules, expressing ideas clearly, connecting sentences logically Understanding grammar rules, connecting sentences logically, recognizing overall structure and argument Math The redesigned SAT math section focuses on a limited set of topics, primarily algebra. The diminished presence of geometry sets the new SAT math section apart from the one on the ACT, which is still roughly a third geometry and trigonometry questions. Redesigned SAT math also includesa no-calculator section, a significant number of data analysis problems, and simpler wording for questions. New SAT ACT Time 80 min 60 min Format Divided in to two sections No calculator: 20 questions (4 grid-ins), 25 min With calculator: 38 questions (9 grid-ins), 55 min 1 section, all questions multiple choice Total # of questions 58 questions 60 questions Time per question No calculator: 75 sec With calculator: 87 sec 1 min Content Heart of Algebra - 33% Problem Solving and Data Analysis - 28% Passport to Advanced Math - 29% Additional Topics in Math - 10% Pre-algebra - 20-25% Elementary algebra - 15-20% Intermediate algebra - 15-20% Coordinate geometry - 15-20% Plane geometry - 20-25% Trigonometry - 5-10% Key Skills Doing simple calculations without a calculator, translating word problems, analyzing data Memorizing formulas, translating word problems, working quickly without making errors Science The redesigned SAT still doesn't have a separate science section, but it does include science questions in all three of the other sections. Those questions are primarily focused on reading charts and graphs, while ACT science tests a wider range of skills. New SAT ACT Time N/A 35 min Format No specific section, 2 passages in reading (21 questions), 1 passage in Writing (6 questions), and 8 questions in Math ~7 passages, with 5-7 questions each Total # of questions 35 questions 40 questions Time per passage/question Varies by section 5 min/53 sec Content Varies by section Data Representation - 30-40% Research Summaries - 45-55% Conflicting Viewpoints - 15-20% Key Skills Understanding scientific ideas, reading charts and graphs Doing simple calculations without a calculator, reading charts and graphs, analyzing experimental design SAT Essay/ACT Writing The ACT writing section (the essay) is the one part of thetestthat'sundergone major changes. You're still presented with an issue and asked for your opinion on it, but you're also given three perspectiveson the topics and asked to analyze them. The new SAT essay, on the other hand, ismore similar to the type of papers you write in English class: the prompt asks you to read and analyze a persuasive essay. New SAT ACT Time 50 min 40 min Optional? Yes Yes Format Presented with an essay or article and asked to analyze the author's argument Presented with 3 viewpoints on a topic and asked to analyze those ideas as well as argue for your own perspective Grading Critera Writing, Reading, and Analysis Ideas and Analysis, Development and Support, Organization, and Language Use and Conventions Scoring Given a score from 2-8 for each dimension Score from 1-12, based on average of scores from the four domains What's Next? If you still have questions about the redesigned SAT, check out our fullbreakdown of the changes to the test. Still not sure whether to takethe SAT or the ACT?Check out our quiz! And if you are planning to take the new SAT, don't panic! Take a look at these five reasons the changes aren't as big of a deal as you might think and get an early start on preparingwith our preliminary study guide. Want to improve your SAT score by 160points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: